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IIIIIIII llllllll N01 841,087. PATENTED JAN. 8, 1907.

W. HANNAH.

LOOM.

v APPLICATION FILED APB.11,1906.

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No. 841,087. PATENTED JAN. 8, 1907.

W. HANNAH.

LOOM.

APPLICATION FILED APR.11,1906.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM HANNAH, OF PATERSON, NEW JERSEY.

LOOM. I

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 8, 1907.

Original application filed July 25, 1905, Serial No. 271,133. Dividedand this application filed April 11, 1906. Serial No. 311,029.

To all whom it may concern.-

' Be it known that I, WILLIAM HANNAH, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of the city of Paterson, county of Passaic,;and State ofNew Jersey, have invented agnew and useful Improvement in Looms, ofwhich the following is a specification.

This is a division of my application filed July 25, 1905, Serial No.271,133.

The object of my invention is to produce a gauze of silk or othermaterial of an improved quality and at a reduced cost, the machine andprocess for producing the gauze being cheaper and simpler than anyheretofore known to me. This object is attained by my invention, oneembodiment of which is hereinafter set forth.

For a more particular description of my invention reference is to be hadto the accompanying drawings, forminga part hereof, in which Figure 1 isa diagrammatic plan view of a loom provided with my improvement. Figs. 2and 3 are side elevations of the same, showing the parts in differentpositions. Figs. 4- and 5 are similar 'lan' views showing the relativepositions 0 the threads and shuttle in different positions. Figs. 6 and7 ale enlarged views of the fabric, parts being exaggerated to make theweave clear.

Throughout the various views of the drawings similar referencecharacters designate similar parts.

The well-known details of the loom are not shown, because they wouldconfuse the drawings. Only such parts are indicated as are necessary tomake clear the exact nature of my invention, it being understood that myinrovements may be added to any suitable oom for weaving gauzes.

As the nature of my improvement is best explained by considering thefabric, reference is to be had to Figs. 6 and 7 of the accompanyingdrawings. In these figures the warp-threads 1 rest entirely under thewoofthreads 2. These Warp and woof threads 1 and 2 are bound together bythe warp bindingthreads (hereinafter called bindingthreads) 3 and 4.Ordinarily the threads 3 and 4 are the same size and half the size ofthe threads 1 and 2 and may be made of intervested or unthrown silk.These proportions may be varied as desired. Threads pass over thewoof-threads and under the warp-threads substantially in the mannershown, the binding-threads always remainingwith the same warp-threadthroughout the fabric. i

By reference to the other figures in the case the manner in which thefabric is woven will be readily understood. I ;,;The warp 1 is wound onthe warp-beam 5, which is suitably mounted in the usual manner. Thebinding-threads 3 and 4 are wound on the beam 6, as is also common. Thethread 1 passes over the guide-roll 7, through the harness or heddle 8and reed 9 to the beam 10, where the finished fabric is wound. Thebinding-thread 3 asses from the beam 6 over afiXed horizonta rod 11under a vertically-movable rod 12, through the heddle 13, dupe 14, reed9, and finally onto the roll 10. The other binding-thread 4 passessimilarly from the beam 6, over the fixed rod 15, under thevertically-movable rod 16, through the heddle, dupe 14, reed 9, and ontothe roll 10. The threads 1, 3, and 4 all pass through the same space inthe reed. The threads 3 and4 are normally in a plane slightly below thehorizontal plane of the threads 1 and are located on opposite sides ofthis thread 1,asindicated in Fig. 1. Only one warp and two bindingthreads are shown in Figs. 1 to 5, because the other warp and bindingthreads are identical with the set shown and described. Therefore adescription of one set answers for all. The shuttle 18 passes betweenthe reed 9 and roll 10, leaving the woof 2 in its path. The dupe 14consists of a shaft or bar 14 which has flexible connection with a smallglass ring 14 As the shuttle-carrying actuating mechanisms are old, aswell as those for the heddles, reed, rods, and rolls, a description ofthem is unnecessary, as they may be of any of the usual forms. It willbe assumed that they actuate their respective mechanisms so that theywill operate as herein set forth. The (dupe may be operated by theharness or hedles.

Assuming the parts as above described, the thread 1 is never raised byits heddle 8 above horizontal plane of its normal position, although itmay be slightly depressed, if desired. The rod 12 on the binding-thread3 is shown not depressed, but raised from the position shown in dottedlines. (See Fig. 2.) The heddle 13, through which it passes. is in itsino erative position, and the thread is a little s ack. On the otherhand, the thread 1 is tightened by the rod 16, which is 1n its lowestposltion and passes through its heddle 17,

which is raised to its limit, whereby the thread is tight, and therebycontrols the dupe 14, which causes the thread 3 to pass under the warp 1and to be raised sufliciently with the dupe 14 and thread 4 to allow theshuttle 18 to pass over the thread 1 and under the threads 3 and 4, asindicated in Fig 4. After the shuttle 1 8 passes, the reed 9 forces thewoof 2 into its proper place in the fabric. Upon the return movement ofthe shuttle the movements of the binding-threads 3 and 4 are reversed,the thread 3 being drawn tight by the rod 12 and heddle 13, the thread4:, being loose, the dupe 14 is brought up on the other side of thethread 1, over which and under the threads 3 and 4c the shuttle 18passes, but

- in the opposite direction, and the reed 9 then forces the woof 2 intoits position as before. By so operating the loom either form of fabricshown in Fig. 6 or Fig. 7 may be woven. The preferredfabric is shown inFig. 7 Both forms show the two binding-threads, which must always beplaced together. The fabric could not be woven in accordance with myinvention if one binding-thread were used for each warp.

I have equipped several old-fashioned looms with my improvements andfind that their capacity is increased from twenty-eight to forty-fiveyards per day, because the machine is simplified so that its speed maybe increased. I also find that the life of the harness is greatlyprolonged, because the warps and binding-threads pass through 8 metal orglass pieces in the heddles and dupes instead of through a mass oftwisted cotton strings, as heretofore.

It is obvious that the substance of my invention may be embodied in manyother forms than the one herein described, so that it is not to beunderstood as limited thereto, 4 5

but as broad enough to cover all forms that come within the scope of theannexed claims.

Having thus described my invention, What I claim is 1. In a loom, a dupehaving two bindingthreads passed therethrough, means for holding saidbinding-threads so that they converge in said dupe and under awarp-thread, and means for tightening one of said bindingthreads andloosening the other in alternation whereby the dupe is first raised onone side of said work-thread and then on the other. i

2. In a loom of the class described, means for stretching a series ofWarp-threads, means for stretching a converging series of bindingthreadsso that each warp-thread has a bind ing-thread on each side, a singledupe for converging the binding-threads under their warp threads, a pairof heddles for said bindingthreads, means for stretching and looseningsaid binding-threads and raising the heddles alternately, whereby thedupe may be drawn at either side of the warp-thread and above the same,and means for passing a woofthread between the binding-threads andWarp-threads.

3. In a loom of the'class described, means for stretching and holdingwarp and binding threads, the binding-threads being arranged in pairs,one on each side of each warp-thread, rods for tightening or looseningsaid bindingthreads, heddles for raising or lowering the binding-threadsalternately, a single dupe for receiving each pair of binding-threads, areed and a shuttle.

Signed at the city of New York, county of New York, State of New York,this 9th day of April, 1906.

WILLIAM HANNAH. Witnesses:

O. E. EDWARDS, Jun, EMIL BROWN.

